This article reviews the recent advances in patterned magnetic nanostructures for application in high-density recording. In this connection we discuss: (1! the fundamental limits of magnetic recording on conventional magnetic disks and the need for newer materials; (2) the state-of-the art technology for creating arrays of magnetic nanostructures; and (3) prospects and problems of high- or ultrahigh-density recording using these nanostructured arrays. Copyright (C) 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.