The double jeopardy principle is a legal concept that is well known throughout the common law world. The protection has constitutional status implicit in Article 38.1 of the Constitution and is enshrined in international instruments such as the European Convention on Human Rights (Article 4 of Protocol No. 7) and the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights (Article 14.7). Three essential protections are included in the principle of double jeopardy: protection from being retried for an acquittal, protection from retrial after a conviction, and protection from being punished multiple times for the same offence.