Reviews

Koumoulos, EP,Tofail, SAM,Silien, C,De Felicis, D,Moscatelli, R,Dragatogiannis, DA,Bemporad, E,Sebastiani, M,Charitidis, CA

2018

January

Metrology and nano-mechanical tests for nano-manufacturing and nano-bio interface: Challenges & future perspectives

Published

1

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Nanometrology Nanoindentation, AFM Bio Microscopy Nanoscopy HIGH-TEMPERATURE NANOINDENTATION OPTICAL RECONSTRUCTION MICROSCOPY SURFACE FREE-ENERGY NANOIMPRINT LITHOGRAPHY FRACTURE-TOUGHNESS THIN-FILMS NANOMECHANICAL PROPERTIES HETEROGENEOUS MATERIALS DIFFRACTION-LIMIT CONTACT MECHANICS

Nanometrology refers to measurement techniques that assess materials properties at the nanoscale. Laboratory-based characterisation of nanomaterials has been the key enabler in the growth of nanotechnology and nanoenabled products. Due to the small size involved, dimensional measurements has dominated such characterisation underpinned by a tremendous development in stand-alone electron/ion microscopes and scanning probe microscopes.However, the scope of nanometrology extends far beyond off-site, laboratory-based measurements of dimensions only, and is expected to have a tremendous impact on design of nano-enabled materials and devices. In this article, we discuss some of the available techniques for laboratory-based characterisation of mechanical and interfacial properties for nanometrology. We also provide a deep insight into the emerging techniques in measuring these properties, keeping in view the need in advanced manufacturing and nanobio-interactions to developmultifunctional instrumentation, traceable and standardized methods, and modelling tools for unambiguous data interpretation.We also discuss the evaluation of nanomechanical properties and surface/interface response of materials, within the purview of manufacturing processes and standardization.Finally, we discuss scientific and technological challenges that are required to move towards real-time nano-characterisation for rapid, reliable, repeatable and predictive metrology to underpin upscaling nanomaterials and nano-enabled products from the research field to industry and market. (C) 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

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462

10.1016/j.matdes.2017.10.035